【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforConductingStatic,Axenic,14-DayPhytotoxicityTestsinTestTubeswiththeSubmersedAquaticMacrophyte,MyriophyllumsibiricumKomarov
【原文标准名称】:在装有浸入式水生大型植物狐尾藻属SIBIRICUM蜀试验管里进行静态、无菌和14日植物毒性试验的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME1913-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:试验;水;静力学;毒性;试管;植物毒性;生物试验
【英文主题词】:aquatictoxicitytesting;Myriophyllumsibiricum;phytotoxicitytest;submersedaquaticmacrophyte
【摘要】:1.1Submersedrootedaquaticmacrophytesareimportantcomponentsofaquaticsystems.Theycontributetoprimaryproductivity,improvewaterquality,cyclenutrients,generateoxygen,affectflowpatterns,providehabitatandfoodforotherorganisms,andstabilizethesediment.Theseplantscanbeadverselyaffectedwhenpesticidesaresprayedtocontrolaquaticweedsandalgalbloomsorwhenphytotoxicchemicalsenterthewaterwaythroughatmosphericfallout,soilerosion,industrialeffluent,sewagedischarge,spillsordriftfromaerialorgroundapplications.1.2Thisguideisdesignedtogiveguidanceforassessingthepotentialphytotoxicityofatestmaterialaddedtoasterileliquidgrowthmediumonacertainspeciesoffreshwatersubmersedmacrophyte(MyriophyllumsibiricumKomarov)duringa14-daystaticexposure.Asterilesystemisrecommendedtodeterminethedirecteffectofthetestchemicaluponindividualparametersofthesubmersedmacrophyte.Overallenvironmentalimpactcannotbedirectlydetermined.Theseprocedurescouldpossiblybeusefulforconductingtoxicitytestswithotherspeciesofsubmersedmacrophytes,althoughmodificationsmightbenecessary().1.3Theproceduresinthisguideareapplicabletomostchemicals,eitherindividuallyorinformulations,commercialproducts,orknownmixtures.Theseproceduresmightbeusedtoconducttestsfordependencyontemperature,light,nutrientsandpH.Withappropriatemodification,theseproceduresmightbeusedtoconducttestsforcontaminatedsurfacewatersandaqueouseffluents(seeGuideE1192).Thisstatic,axenictoxicitytestmightnotbeapplicabletomaterialsthatcontainmicroorganismsunlessthesamplecanbefiltersterilizedwithoutremovingthetoxicant.Ifthetestmaterialsarehighlyvolatile,careshouldbetakentoensurethatthetestchambersareisolated.Itmightbenecessarytoreplacethetestmaterialonaregularbasisifthetestmaterialisrapidlybiologicallyorchemicallytransformedinaqueoussolution,orisremovedfromthetestsolutionsinsubstantialquantitiesbythetestchambersororganismsduringthetest.Thistoxicitytestisnotsuitablefortestinginteractionsbetweenaquaticplantsandotherorganisms,suchasplantpathogens.1.4Resultsfromthetoxicitytestoutlinedinthisguidecanbereportedintermsofa14-dayIC25,IC50,orNOEC.Thisparametermaybebasedonseveralendpointsincludinginhibitionofplantgrowthduringthe14-dayperiod,inhibitionofshootlength,inhibitionofrootnumberandlength,inhibitionoffreshordryweight(seeGuideE1415),inhibitionofoxygenproduction,changeinmembranepermeability,andchangeinchlorophylla,chlorophyllbandcarotenoidcontentextractedfromsectionsoftheplants(seePracticeD3731andGuideE1218),().Allorsomeoftheseendpointparametersmaybeexamineddependinguponthemodeofphytotoxicactionorresearcherpreference.Itmightbenecessarytoconductthetoxicitytestatonlyoneconcentrationtodeterminewhetherornotthatspecificconcentrationisinhibitorytoplantgrowthanddevelopment.1.5Thisguideisarrangedasfollows:SectionReferencedDocumentsTerminologyDefinitionsDefinitionsofTermsSpecifictothisStandardSummaryofGuideSignificanceandUseInterferencesApparatusFacilitiesTestChambersEquipmentCleaningAcceptabilityReagentsHazards